The Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene is associated with the synthesis of Adiponectin, a hormone found to be associated with regulating the level of glucose and in the fatty acid breakdown. This hormone is secreted by the adipose tissue into the blood stream after which it enters the liver cells and the muscle, where it is found to be associated with fat burn and glucose utilization. People with A variant of the gene were shown to be associated with higher serum adiponectin levels.
When the level of the hormone is decreased, there is found to be decreased fat burn and glucose utilization which can lead to weight gain and increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Association with MUFA intake and Weight Gain:
In a study conducted on 1083 individuals, people with the A variant were found to be associated with lower weight, BMI and waist to hip circumference. Obesity risk among such individuals was further reduced on higher MUFA intake (>13%). In the same study it was found that individuals with the G variant weighed 2 kg more than people with the G variant when MUFA intake was high.
Association with Tendency to Regain Weight:
In a study conducted on Spanish volunteers who were on a low calorie diet, the increased risk for obesity which was earlier found to be associated with G variants of the gene did not exist. However, after 32-60 weeks people with the G variant were shown to be associated with weight regain, though people with the A variant were found to be protected from weight regain.
Association with Type II Diabetes:
In a study conducted on 2200 South Indian population, People with the G variant were shown to be associated with central obesity and the risk for type 2 diabetes was mediated through obesity.
Does your 23andme, Ancestry DNA, FTDNA raw data have ADIPOQ gene variant information?
| CHIP Version | ADIPOQ SNPs |
| 23andMe (Use your 23andme raw data to know your ADIPOQ Variant) | |
| v1 23andme | Present |
| v2 23andme | Present |
| v3 23andme | Present |
| v4 23andme | Present |
| V5 23andme (current chip) | Present |
| AncestryDNA (Use your ancestry DNA raw data to know your ADIPOQ Variant) | |
| v1 ancestry DNA | Present |
| V2 ancestry DNA (current chip) | Present |
| Family Tree DNA (Use your FTDNA raw data to know your ADIPOQ Variant) | |
| OmniExpress microarray chip | Present |
GenotypeRs17300539 |
Phenotype |
Recommendations |
| AA |
[Advantage] More likely to have higher adiponectin levels [Advantage] More likely to have a lower risk for obesity [Advantage] More likely to have a lower risk for type 2 diabetes |
|
| AG |
[Advantage]More likely to have moderate adiponectin levels [Advantage] More likely to have moderate risk for obesity |
|
| GG |
[Limitation] More likely to have lower adiponectin levels [Limitation] More likely to have higher risk for obesity [Limitation] More likely to have higher risk for type 2 diabetes |
|
References:
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19238139
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiponectin
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18949681
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24055485
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“Nutrigenetics, fitness genetics, health genetics are all nascent but rapidly growing areas within human genetics. The information provided herein is based on preliminary scientific studies and it is to be read and understood in that context.”
